Computational Biology · Signaling Dynamics

Understanding the architecture
of biological information

We are making biological tissue digitally programmable.

"The ones who are crazy enough to think they can change the world are the ones who do."

Apple Think Different campaign, 1997

Our North Star

To make tissues designable in software: to turn the coordination of biological signaling across space and time from something we merely observe into something we can specify, predict, and engineer, the way an architect designs a building before it is built.

We will not get there by cataloguing what is already known. We bet on ambition over certainty, imagination over knowledge, doing over theorizing. Most of what we try will not work. That is the cost of pushing far enough past the frontier to actually change something. It is expected. It is not failure.

46
Publications
9
Software Tools

What we work on

We approach problems from first principles. We combine theory, computation, and close collaborations with experimentalists to understand the informational flow of biological signaling from molecules to tissue.

To do this, we ask:

  1. Which biological measurements reveal the system?
  2. How can tissue be conceived as a computing machine?
  3. How can scalable pipelines turn that complexity into insight?
01
🧬

Spatial Signaling Architecture

How do tissues use spatial patterning of signals to control cell identity and morphogenesis?

02
🌊

Temporal Dynamics

Characterising and decoding temporal fluctuations in molecular expression and morphology to reveal causal regulation mechanisms.

03
⚖️

Information Theory

Building phenomena-agnostic, information-theoretic frameworks to quantify how information flows between cells and across tissue components.

04
🎯

Causality

Building causal frameworks to model and interpret information flow across molecules, cells, and tissue, identifying the tipping points that dictate organismal fate.

View All Projects
46
Publications
9
Open-source Tools

Selected work

Selected papers. Lab members highlighted in teal.

Nature Communications · 2026

Development of a universal imaging 'phenome' using shape, appearance and motion (SAM) features and the SAM Phenotype Observation Tool (SPOT)

Zhou FY, Norton-Steele A, Marsh L, Byrne HM, Harrington HA, Lu X

Introduces the SPOT framework and SAM feature taxonomy as a standardised vocabulary for describing cellular image phenotypes, enabling systematic cross-experiment comparison of cell morphology, texture, and dynamics.

Nature Communications · 2026

Identifying phenotype-genotype-function coupling in 3D organoid imaging using SPOT

Zhou FY, Jacobs BA, Norton-Steele A, Han X, Zhou L, Carroll TM et al.

Applies the SPOT phenomics pipeline to 3D organoid imaging datasets, linking quantitative morphodynamic phenotypes to genotype perturbations and cellular function in a scalable, interpretable framework.

Nature Methods · 2025

Universal consensus 3D segmentation of cells from 2D segmented stacks (u-segment3D)

Zhou FY, Marin Z, Yapp C, Zou Q, Nanes BA, Daetwyler S, Jamieson AR et al.

Introduces u-segment3D, a universal method for deriving consensus 3D cell segmentations from ensembles of per-slice 2D predictions, enabling robust 3D cell delineation across diverse imaging modalities without retraining.

bioRxiv · 2023

Surface-guided computing to quantify dynamic interactions between cell morphology and molecular signals in 3D (u-unwrap3D)

Zhou FY, Weems A, Prahl LS, Liu AP, Bhatt DL, Danuser G

Transforms 3D cell surfaces into multiple canonical 2D representations, enabling population-level quantitative analysis of how membrane-associated molecular signals co-localise with dynamic 3D morphology.

NeurIPS Workshop · 2022

Multiscale Pixel Spatiotemporal Information Flows (u-infotrace)

Zhou FY, Ravishankar R

Introduces u-infotrace, a multiscale framework for tracing spatiotemporal information flows at the pixel level in time-lapse imaging, enabling causal analysis of signal propagation across cellular and tissue scales.

Nature Methods · 2025

Highly multiplexed 3D profiling of cell states and immune niches in human tumors

Yapp C, Nirmal AJ, Zhou F, Wong AYH, Tefft JB, Lu YD, Shang Z et al.

Presents 3D CyCIF, a volumetric cyclic immunofluorescence platform enabling highly multiplexed protein profiling in intact tumour tissue, revealing the spatial organisation of immune cell states and signalling niches with unprecedented depth.

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Lab updates

Aug
17
2026

BIA Lab officially opens at Vanderbilt University

The Biological Information Architecture Lab opens its doors at the Center for Computational Systems Biology, Vanderbilt University.

All News